• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements of reinforced concrete, reusable, of simple geometry, with height, width and variable thickness. It has periodical slits that allow the fittings of the element to be concreted between them. Of reduced size and weight, it resists the thrusts derived from concreting, allows individual handling by a single operator and decreases the execution time of the formwork of the tape. Obtaining geometrical reinforced concrete joint, clean and easy to follow. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2556155A1
    申请号:ES201400413
    申请日:2014-07-08
    公开日:2016-01-13
    发明作者:Juan Carlos PÉREZ SÁNCHEZ；Beatriz PIEDECAUSA GARCÍA；Vicente Raúl PÉREZ SÁNCHEZ；Raúl Tomás MORA GARCÍA
    申请人:Universidad de Alicante；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The construction procedure of linear, surface or volumetric elements of reinforced concrete implies the execution of concrete joints due to the needs of the working day (joint work), constructive needs together between different elements) or other work planning reasons. Thus, it is essential to establish joints with continuity of reinforcements in formwork elements by sections, after the interruption in the concrete work.
    Currently, the technical problem that arises is that, during the construction of reinforced concrete elements on site, the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements in construction elements is carried out in situ by means of pieces or wooden boards nailed together (situation known in the construction field with the term "Tape") and not by standard formwork standard elements. This is due to the fact that the waiting reinforcements that are left to give continuity to the reinforced concrete elements prevent the use of usual formwork sheets, being necessary to find an alternative solution that solves the problem.
    So far, to make the concrete joints between different construction elements it is necessary to use some type of tape that allows the containment of concrete in each concrete section. For this, as non-reusable elements, wooden boards are used, nailed to each other and subject to the side formwork of the element in question, leaving the strips corresponding to the reinforcements as free gaps to ensure the continuity of the bars.
    Another possibility for the execution of said tape is the use of a metal mesh, also known as chicken coop, which provides some concrete containment function and allows the continuity of the reinforcements. In this case, the element makes formwork lost, not recoverable, which remains embedded in the mass of the construction element.
    In both cases, these systems present problems that currently need solution, namely:
    - They require installation time o The use of wooden boards supposes a great time of nailing I unblocking of small elements with certain dimensions.
    - They are not reusable
    o When unlocking the boards after concreting it is difficult to keep them intact, since many of them splinter or end up breaking.
    o Chicken coop is embedded in the concrete element, so it cannot be reused.
    - Require labor for installation
    o The existence of concrete joints in the different structural phases of a construction requires the execution of a multitude of caps, assuming a large amount of labor. EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    In the light of the above, the present proposal of a formwork element is necessary for the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements, which is reusable, easy to install and that requires little labor.
    The invention relates to an element that allows easy formwork by sections
    or continuously in the concreted cloths in joints with continuity of reinforcements, constructed in material resistant to the thrusts derived from the concreting. The formwork element consists of a piece with periodic grooves, allowing the fittings of the reinforcements of the element to be concreted between the said grooves. That is to say, a comb-shaped piece is presented, so that the armor between the barbs thereof is allowed.
    The advantages of this element, compared to the elements currently in the market are:
    - Low labor cost during its use in the execution of reinforced concrete elements. The size and weight of the element are reduced, which allows the individual handling of a single operator.
    - Low cost of acquiring the product, since it is a piece that can be made of plastic and simple geometry.
    - Reusable element, which reduces the total cost of the product on site.
    - Possibility of manufacturing with different dimensions and formats. This gives great versatility to be used in any type of work and any construction element of linear or surface reinforced concrete such as slabs, slabs, floors, beams, walls, etc.
    - Easy production, being an element of small dimensions and simple geometry that could be manufactured by companies from different sectors.
    - Easy transport from the point of manufacture, since it is a piece of reduced weight and dimensions and could be stackable or roller.
    - Speed and ease of commissioning, since the execution time of the formwork of the tape is reduced and the use of complementary machinery (cranes) is not necessary.
    - Obtaining a geometric reinforced concrete joint, clean and with ease of continuation.
    The formwork tape described in the present invention meets the requirements of the EHE-08 Structural Concrete Instruction, which requires that the formwork and molds be able to withstand the actions to which they will be subjected during the construction process. In addition, it can be removed without causing abnormal shocks or damage to the concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    FIGURE 1: Proposed formwork element. Dimension 1 is considered width, dimension 2 will be height and dimension 3 will be thickness.
    FIGURE 2: Preferred embodiment of the described formwork element, in which it presents a reduction in the thickness of the material in the area close to the slits, as a flap, which reduces the leakage of the slurry between them. DETAILED EXHIBITION OF REALIZATION MODES
    The proposal proposes a reusable formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements, of varying height, width and thickness, and periodic groove geometry. Figure 1 shows a formwork element as described in the present invention. Dimension 1 refers to the width of the element, dimension 2 corresponds to height and dimension 3 refers to thickness.
    In a preferred embodiment, the gap between slits is 5 cm. Because the reinforced concrete construction elements usually have dimensions multiple of 5 cm in width, the formwork element of the invention adapts perfectly to each construction element.
    Therefore, the proposed formwork element has the following dimensions:
    Dimension 1. The width of the formwork element can be variable, in order to adapt it to the length of the wall or concrete beam. In a preferred embodiment of the invention a formwork element 30 cm wide is presented.
    Dimension 2. The height of the formwork element is also variable and can be adapted to the construction element. Following the instructions of the EHE-08 Structural Concrete Instruction, the minimum widths of the construction elements (and therefore of the proposed formwork element) are as follows: the minimum height of beams is 20 cm, the minimum side of pillars is 25 cm and the minimum width of walls is 20 cm. Therefore, the formwork element will have a minimum height of 20 cm. There is no specific maximum height, although following rules of good construction and ease of execution it is considered a recommended maximum height of 1 m. Therefore, the proposed formwork element has a height between 20 and 100 cm. In a preferred embodiment, a 30 cm high formwork element has been used.
    Dimension 3. The thickness of the formwork element can also be variable, but always below 20 mm. In a preferred embodiment, a 4 mm thick formwork element has been used. In any case, the formwork element can be presented with a reduction in material thickness, or microperforated, or male-female, following the grooves, so that it can be easily torn manually, so that the width can be adapted to the construction element to concrete.
    As for the dimensions of the slits, they must be between 6 and 35 mm to house the armor of smaller and larger diameter respectively, available in the market. The height of the slit will be that of the formwork element less the covering necessary to ensure the protection of the reinforcements. The EHE-08 Structural Concrete Instruction marks this minimum coating at 20 mm.
    In a preferred embodiment, which is shown in Figure 2, the formwork element may have a reduction in the thickness of the material in the area near the slits, as a flap, which reduces the leakage of the slurry between them.
    In another preferred embodiment, if it is desired to improve the future bonding of two concrete sections or improve the tightness of the joint, the formwork element may have small protrusions distributed throughout the surface so as to make it rough.
    According to the EHE-08 Structural Concrete Instruction, mandatory national regulations, article 68.3 indicates the following characteristics for formwork and molds:
    - Tightness of the joints between the formwork panels or in the molds, foreseeing possible leaks of water or grout through them.
    - Adequate resistance to fresh concrete pressures and the effects of the compaction method.
    - Alignment and, where appropriate, verticality of the formwork panels, paying special interest to the continuity in the verticality of the pillars in their crossing with the slabs in the case of building structures.
    - Maintenance of the geometry of the mold and formwork panels, with the absence of dents outside the tolerances established in the project or, failing that, by this Instruction.
    - Cleaning the inner face of the molds, avoiding the existence of any type of waste from the assembly work of the reinforcements, such as wire remains, clippings, caps, etc.
    - Maintenance, where appropriate, of the characteristics that allow specific textures in the concrete finish, such as bas-reliefs, prints, etc.
    The formwork and molds may be of any material that does not harm the properties of the concrete.
    To demonstrate that the formwork element described in the invention meets the requirements of the aforementioned regulations, a practical application test of the tape has been carried out on a reinforced concrete beam. The elements used in the trial have been the following:
    - Wooden formwork for a volume of 30x50x200 cm.
    - Reinforced concrete beam 30x30 cm formed by 4 round 12 mm diameter (Steel B-500S), 20x20 cm fences with 6 mm diameter placed every 20 cm.
    - Concrete H-25 / B / 12.
    - PVC formwork element 30x30 cm 4 mm thick and with 25x1.5 cm slits with different separations between them.
    A 5 cm reinforcement coating has been considered and a bar vibrating has been performed.
    The steps that have been followed for the test procedure are as follows:
    one. Previous jobs. Preparation of the elements.
    2. Placement of reinforcements in the formwork.
    3. Placement of reinforcement separators.
    Four. Placement of the formwork element described in the invention, just before the last fence without any other support, the same fence being the one that prevents the movement of the tape during concreting.
    If necessary, a wire tie of the tape can be made to the upper longitudinal reinforcements to avoid that, during concreting, the element can be lifted by concrete pressure.
    5. Concreting the piece and vibrating with a bar. The loss of some grout is observed during concreting by the indentations of the tape, being considered normal given the characteristics of this unique formwork that gives way to the reinforcements for later phases of concreting. There is practically no deformation in the tape, supporting the concrete thrusts without the need of an additional horizontal bar or fastening to the upper longitudinal reinforcements. No elevation or movement of the tape is observed during concreting.
    6. De-formwork of the caps. The wire tie is removed if it has been done. The possible burrs of concrete generated by the passage of the grout are removed, to facilitate the removal of formwork. The tape is prized with the help of a goat leg to separate it from the concrete from top to bottom and the formwork element is removed.
    7. After cleaning the tape easily with a spatula, it is ready to be reused in another construction element.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    mm width and height corresponding to the total height of the element a
    less concrete the necessary coating to ensure protection
    of the armor, which is at least 20mm.
    [8]
    8. Formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of
    5 reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 1
    where the formwork element has a reduction in the thickness of the
    material in the area near the crevices, as a flap, which
    reduces grout leakage between them.
    [9]
    9. Formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of
    10 reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 1
    where heelementfromformworkpresentssmall bumps
    distributed throughout the surface so that they make it rough to
    improve the tightness of the union of the two concrete sections.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2556155B1|2016-11-03|
    WO2016005633A1|2016-01-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB323281A|1928-10-08|1930-01-02|Walter West|Improvements in and relating to forms or shuttering for the casting in situ of concrete structures, adapted to be faced with plastering, stone and like plastic dressings|
    US2014826A|1930-10-02|1935-09-17|Hyland R Johns|Road building apparatus|
    US1988900A|1931-01-08|1935-01-22|John N Heltzel|Removable expansion joint form|
    US3454255A|1965-09-27|1969-07-08|Andrew A Arquilla|Bulkhead construction for concrete structures having continuous reinforcements|
    US6289645B1|1997-05-28|2001-09-18|Agrar Chemie Ag|Shuttering element|
    US20100252714A1|2009-03-19|2010-10-07|HENDRICKS Robert|Flexible, multi-configuration concrete form system|
    GB978482A|1962-12-15|1964-12-23|James Grundy & Company Ltd|Improvements in or relating to road forms and like shuttering|CN110359700A|2019-06-20|2019-10-22|烟台浩邦新材料科技有限公司|A kind of assembling plastics back cord template that can be recycled|
    法律状态:
    2016-11-03| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2556155 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20161103 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201400413A|ES2556155B1|2014-07-08|2014-07-08|Reusable formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements|ES201400413A| ES2556155B1|2014-07-08|2014-07-08|Reusable formwork element for the execution of joints with continuity of reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements|
    PCT/ES2015/070501| WO2016005633A1|2014-07-08|2015-06-26|Reusable formwork element for producing joints with reinforcement continuity in reinforced concrete elements|
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